Govina Dewangan1*, Devesh Kumar Giri1, Deepak Kumar Kashyap1, Nitesh Kumar Kumbhakar1, Kashif Raza2, Om Prakash and Shailesh Vishal2
1Assistant Professor, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, C.G.
2Teaching Assistant, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, C.G.


Abstract
One of the most serious problems faced by today’s scientists is provision of adequate supplies of food to an ever-increasing human population. The role of animals is in production of much needed protein food, for growing millions cannot be over emphasised. Obviously there is immediate need to increase the productivity of our poor producing livestock. In the absence of effective diseases control the animals even the cross bred animals will not be able to fulfil their genetic potential in the utilization of feed for growth, reproduction and ultimately productivity.

Introduction
One of the strategies is to increase productivity of local livestock by cross breeding them with high yielding exotic breeds of livestock. The cross-bred which combine productivity of exotic breeds and adaptability of local breeds, however, require better health cover and management. Disease control is, therefore, the highest priority requirement for the veterinary services of the economically developing world.

A health programme should be well planned with a coordinated approach to achieve optimal health and productive efficiency of livestock. At present main emphasis is on identification and control of diseases on an area basis, through mass action campaign concentrating particularly on the epidemic diseases which are responsible for either excessive mortality or serious loss in production. This approach is well suited to diseases which produce easily recognisable clinical abnormalities but is largely ineffective against those diseases which manifest themselves through impairment of productive efficiency without producing obvious clinical signs. Efforts are, therefore, required to develop approach which would be effective in dealing with such situation.

The livestock production in India has gained momentum during the last two decades and assumed the shape of an industry. This could, to the great extent, be possible by import of improved exotic germ plasm and implementation of intensive cross-breeding programmes in the country. Simultaneously, exotic infection, so far unknown in this land, have also arrived in India and increased considerably during the course of time despite strict quarantine measures. Consequently, the livestock industry in the country is now facing the threat of many dreadful diseases classified as “Emerging Diseases”.

Emerging diseases are those diseases that have been newly discovered and recently increased in incidence or prevalence. Emerging disease have recently expanded in geographic or climatologic range and/or have jumped from animal populations into humans. So many examples of emerging disease are there such as Lyme borreliosis, cat-scratch fever (bartonellosis), parvovirus B19, legionellosis, cryptosporidiosis, HIV (Human Immunodeficiency disease), SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), monkey pox, Avian influenza, and West Nile virus etc.

Conclusion
All these emerging diseases have a vital impact on the animal production. It is high time that all the available information on these be reviewed and disseminated to all associated with the livestock production.